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Publication Saturation of rocks of the bazhenov formation(2021) Glotov, A. V.; Michailov, N. N.; Molokov, P. B.; Shaldybin, M. V.; Lopushyak, Yu. M.; Молоков (Molokov, P. B.), Петр Борисович; Кафедра «Химия и технология материалов современной энергетики» (ХиТМСЭ)© 2021, Neftyanoe Khozyaistvo. All rights reserved.Evaluating of core saturation in case of oil source rocks of the Bazhenov formation by standard methods is not trivial task that hinders systematic mea-surements. An example is the existing method of distilling water in the Zaks (or Dean-Stark) apparatus, which does not allow to determine small amounts of water with high accuracy, in addition, the method is not "in-line"-it takes up to a week for one measurement. This leads to use for reserve calculation and planning mining values of oil saturation, which are not confirmed by actual data or determined on single core samples. The method was of-fered authors, based on combination of thermal and spectrometric tech-niques, let allowed measuring water saturation and oil saturation for core 12 oil fields. The results obtained indicate about significant variation in saturation by cross section of the Bazhenov formation, and the modal values of water saturation exceed those, that are usually used for reserve calculation. «Scale» factor significantly influences on the core properties, and actual values of water saturation may be higher. The degree of mobility of water in open porous space is important value. Established opinion that all water in the Bazhenov formation is associated with clays minerals is not confirmed by specially conducted researches. The dependence of water content and clayi-ness is linear with a high dispersion. The lowest values of water content tend to highly siliceous and carbonate rock, and the water in open voids is rather capillary-bound. The obtained values of chemically bound water released in process decomposition of minerals and transformation organic matter during heating, indicate high water content in closed pores. Studying of the features of water release in the temperature range corresponding to the decomposition (pyrolysis) of organic matter and minerals showed the presence of a large amount of water in closed pores.Publication Hydride-dehydride fine zirconium powders for pyrotechnics(2020) Amelichkin I. V.; Knyazeva E. M.; Medvedev R.; Muslimova A. V.; Nefedov. R. A.; Orlov, V. V.; Sachkov, V. I.; Sachkova, A. S.; Zhukov, I. A.; Муслимова (Muslimova, A. V), Александра Валерьевна; Кафедра «Химия и технология материалов современной энергетики» (ХиТМСЭ)In this paper, the possibility of obtaining fine zirconium powders by the hydrogenation-dehydrogenation method is studied. The main parameters of the technological process that allow obtaining fine zirconium powders for pyrotechnics are determined. Hydrogenation and dehydrogenation of the samples are carried out in a rotating quartz tube placed in a furnace at temperatures of 380° C and 850° C, respectively. Zirconium hydride is milled using tungsten carbide balls to eliminate the presence of impurities. Thus it is possible to obtain a fine zirconium powder with a number-average particle size of 4.527 ± 2.650 μm and a specific surface area of 0.231 m2/g from the initial electrolytic zirconium powder with a number-average particle size of 220 μm and a specific surface area < 0.1 m2/g. The allowed relative error of measuring the specific surface area is ± 5%. Hence it is possible to reduce the particle size of zirconium powder by 54.6 times without changing the composition.Publication Palladium and Rhodium as Possible Catalysts for Nuclear Reactions(2020) Khandorin, G. P.; Кафедра «Химия и технология материалов современной энергетики» (ХиТМСЭ)Publication Simulation of the radiation situation in nuclear power deployment areas(2020) Istomina, N. Yu.;; Noskov, M. D.; Istomin, A. D.; Bugrina, V. S.; Popova, K. Ye.; Истомина (Istomina, N. Yu.), Надежда Юрьевна; Носков (Noskov, M. D.), Михаил Дмитриевич; Истомин (Istomin. A. D.), Андрей Дмитриевич; Кафедра «Физика» (Ф)© 2020 Obninsk Institute for Nuclear Power Engineering, National Research Nuclear University 'MEPhI'. All rights reserved.The use of geoinformation and expert simulation systems to assess the environmental effects from operation of nuclear power installations is discussed. The structure and the functions of the ARIA geoinformation and expert simulation software package are described. ARIA features functional capabilities for building and visualizing digital models of the locality, hazardous installations, and recipient facilities, simulating and visualizing the radiation situation, and analyzing the radiation situation in terms of the activity and dose rate levels for recipient facilities of various geometries. The system makes it possible to calculate spatial distributions of the radionuclide specific activity, the dose and the dose rate as defined by the external and internal pathways for the ionizing radiation impacts. The paper presents the results of using the ARIA software package to calculate the radiation situation with the entry of radionuclides into the surface air layer during normal and emergency operating modes of nuclear power installations. In the former case, the radiation situation was calculated for the Kalinin NPP deployment area. In the latter case, the consequences from a series of short-term emergency releases in the wake of the Fukushima Daiichi accident in Japan in 2011 were assessed. The contribution of long- and short-lived radionuclides to the formation of the radiation background in the event of an emergency release and during normal NPP operation is discussed. Inhalation dose is the most important factor defining the dose rates for the personnel and the public at the early accident stage. That at the later accident stage, both during an accident and during normal NPP operation, is the dose caused by the radiation from the long-lived radionuclides in the surface soil layer. It has been shown that the individual equivalent dose in the Kalinin NPP deployment area is four orders of magnitude as low as the annual dose threshold value set by the radiation safety standards.Publication Contribution of B. G. Mogilnitski to the development of the Tomsk historiographical school (to the 90th anniversary of B. G. Mogilnitski)(2020) Kirsanova, E. S.; Кирсанова (Kirsanova, E. S.), Екатерина Семеновна; Кафедра «Гуманитарные и социальные науки» (ГиСН)The appeal to the work of the scientist famous by his works on historiography and methodology of the history is relevant for several circumstances. It is not limited only by the desire to pay tribute to the memory of the teacher in connection with the anniversary date. In addition to this important reason, there is also a need to emphasize his contribution to the development of the Tomsk Historiographical School, the foundations of which were laid by the B.G. Mogilnitski's teacher A.I. Danilov, about which Boris Georgievich himself wrote repeatedly. At the same time, the rethinking of Soviet historiographical science, taking place in modern Russian historiography and often expressed in its refusal in the status of science, requires a concrete analysis of the works of outstanding Russian historians and to sift out ashes from cinders, rather than bare denial. The article considers the works of the early period of the creativity of Boris Mogilnitski, late 60s - 70s of the 20th century, among which a special place is taken by the monograph, the final study devoted to the national historiography of the 19th - early 20th century and presented by the names of D. M. Petrushevsky, A.N. Savin, I.D. Lucitsky, M.M. Kovalevsky, N.I. Kareev, P.G. Vinogradov, R.Y. Vipper and V.K. Piskorsky. This period of scientific activity of Mogilnitski can also be considered the years of the rise of the Tomsk Historiographic School. Based on the analysis carried out, the author of the article comes to the following conclusions such as: 1. Certain scale of a research. 2. It is noted that for the first time in the Russian historiographic science Mogilnitski made a conscious attempt to combine and apply in the analysis of historical thought three main approaches - the structural, genetic and functional approaches. The systemicity of the analysis allowed the scientist to combine the group of investigated historians into a single "socio-economic direction". 3. It is also worth noting the author's conclusion about the influence of historians on the production of ideology, while his contemporaries researchers insisted on the influence of ideological attitudes on the creativity of historians. The principles of the scientific approach implemented by Mogilnitski in research were instilled in students and postgraduate students in his pedagogical practice, where regular methodological seminars took a special place. On the basis of the above, it can be argued that today, despite the Marxist paradigm within which the study was carried out, this work can be considered as a model of theoretical historiographic research. Thanks to which researchers already in the early 1970s began to talk about the Tomsk Historiographic School.Publication "I see history in the eschatological perspective...": N.A. Berdyaev about soviet Russia in his late work period (1939-1948)(2020) Gaman, L. A.; Гаман (Gaman, L. A.), Лидия Александровна; Кафедра «Гуманитарные и социальные науки» (ГиСН)The aim of the article is to study Berdyaev's historical and religious views about Soviet Russia concerning his late work period. There is a modern researchers' interest in his oeuvre. The relevance of the subject is proved. The sources are analyzed, basis of which are Berdyaev's works, written in 1930-1940, as well as the thinker's ego-documents and his contemporaries. The peculiarities of Berdyaev's methodology being cross-disciplinary in character, within which the achievements of various social sciences and humanities were combined on the basis of mutual complementarity, are considered. The key significance for his religious symbolism methodology as a cognition method related to a Christian paradigm of history is pointed out. For Berdyaev's work the importance of the cultural and historical context peculiar to 1930-1940 is emphasized. The large-scale conflicts of the first half of the 20th century including two world wars and the Russia revolution of 1917 consolidated his view of the European civilization systemic crisis which he regarded not as a historical impasse, but as a growth crisis presumed finding ways to overcome it. Following the eschatological understanding of Christianity, emphasizing the idea of transforming the world, associating the Russian idea with it, being a supporter of personalist socialism, Berdyaev offered his vision of the Soviet construction in the light of the Christian ideas complex with the dominant idea in the history orientation towards the formation of a new society. The complexity of his approach to Soviet Russia connected with his desire to take into account the world development trends in the 20th century, due to the technological civilization formation with its characteristic development of science and technology, mass production, mass society, the increasing state role, is emphasized. It is noted the significance of Berdyaev's ideas complex for his interpretation of various Soviet reality angles whether Soviet industrialization or Soviet etatism is. The positive and negative aspects of Soviet society identified by him are analysed, and his ideas of the dialectic unity is discussed. His thoughts about occurred revolution in Soviet Russia between 1930-1940 are considered. The consequences he touched upon both negative, especially repression, and positive, contributed to the normalization of the Soviet people lives, are covered. As proposed by Berdyaev, positive achievements of Soviet Russia promoted the growth of its international authority are noted. The negative significance for the post-war world of "block thinking" is pointed out. In his opinion, the main obstacle to the exposure of the Soviet system positive potential was the freedom repression in the USSR. The conclusion about the content and relevance of the concept of the Russian revolution in 1917 and Berdyaev's Soviet history, despite the controversial type of his conclusions and assessments, is made.Publication Modification of contact surfaces of steel based materials in dry sliding under electric current of high density(AIP Publishing, 2020) Fadin, V. V.; Aleutdinov, K. A.; Aleutdinova, M. I.; Алеутдинова (Aleutdinova, M. I.), Марина Ивановна; Кафедра «Машины и аппараты химических и атомных производств» (МАХАП)© Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.The purpose of the work was to study the interrelation of primary structure and wear resistance as well as to receive the initial ideas on contact features and surface layer deterioration in dry sliding against steel under electric current. The tribological behaviour of bearing steel and Hadfield steel (13% Mn) as well as the behaviour of composites on their bases was studied under electric current of high-density. Using X-ray phase analysis it was shown that the electrical current caused a modification of the surface layer of bearing steel and bearing steel sintered composite due to the formation of tribolayer and sliding surface melting in dry sliding against quenched AISI steel 1045. The formation of FeO in the tribolayer was observed also. This contributed to hardening of the sliding surface and to the realization of low wear intensity. Hadfield steel and a sintered composite based on it were capable of forming a tribolayer, where there was a low content of FeO on the sliding surface. This led to a high wear rate due to adhesion. The low thermal conductivity of Hadfield steel based materials should be considered as another reason for the rapid deterioration of their tribolayers.Publication Influence of Germanium on Some Properties of Calcium Phosphate Coatings on Titanium Implants(2019) Zelichenko, E. A.; Guzeev, V. V.; Kovalskaya, Y. В.; Gurova, O. A.; Kuz’manin, S. A.; Nazarov, E. A.; Vishnyakov, N. V.; Rybin, N. B.; Зеличенко (Zelichenko, E. A.), Елена Алексеевна; Гузеев (Guzeev, V. V.), Виталий Васильевич; Кафедра «Химия и технология материалов современной энергетики» (ХиТМСЭ)A limited life span of endoprostheses in the absence of other complications is explained by the aseptic implant instability arising and developing as a result of insufficient osteointegration. The surface of implants made of the VT-6 alloy was treated to form calcium phosphate coatings including those containing germanium (0.4 and 2.5 mass %). for the purpose of carrying out a comparative analysis of the response of an organism. The surface of the resulting coatings was investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy. It was established that the introduction of germanium has a substantial effect on the surface morphology of the coatings. It was shown with the help of the light microscopy of histological sections that osteointegration processes are most intense with the group of implants containing germanium at a level of 2.5 mass % in the calcium phosphate coating.Publication Studies of the Properties of Coke Plates of VCC and Doncarb Trademarks(2019) Sofronov, V. L.; Buynovsky, A. S.; Polyanskaya, A. V.; Khorokhorin, V. S.; Софронов (Sofronov, V. L.), Владимир Леонидович; Буйновский (Buinovskiy, A. S.), Александр Сергеевич; Кафедра «Химия и технология материалов современной энергетики» (ХиТМСЭ)The operating experience for anode materials used in the production of fluorine shows that not all plates that meet the requirements of Russian technical specifications TU 48-12-34-95 have the required service life; some of them are destroyed quite quickly during operation. In this regard, we have carried out the studies of coke plates of Russian manufacturers using differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray structural analysis (XRD), atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), various physical-mechanical and electrical methods. The technical characteristics of the coke plates of two different trademarks: "Doncarb" produced by Doncarb Graphite LLC (Chelyabinsk) and "VCC" produced by the Volzhsky Chemical Complex LLC (Volzhsky) were determined: porosity, ash content, density, compressive strength, electrical resistivity. The technical characteristics described above fully meet the requirements of the Russian technical specifications. It was shown that the content of impurities in Doncarb plates is 0.50 mass %, while that in VCC plates is 0.33 mass %. The porosity of the coke plate materials was carried out. In general, Doncarb samples are characterized by the presence of pores 0.6-12 mm in size, while the presence of larger pores (more than 117 mu m) is characteristic of VCC samples. The presence of the turbostratic structure of carbon with the parameters d(002) = 0.347-0.345 nm was established for the coke plates of both trademarks. Classification of coke plates with respect to their thermal stability was carried out on the basis of the data obtained by means of differential thermal analysis. The use of the obtained data as a supplement to the parameters included in TU 48-12-34-95 allows one to improve the evaluation of the quality of coke plates and to predict their lifetime reliably.Publication Atomic force microscopy of deformation relief in ZrO2 (Y2O3) ceramics(AIP Publishing, 2019) Sablina, T. Yu.; Shlyakhova, G. V.; Sevostyanova, I. N.; Zuev, L. B.; Шляхова (Shlyakhova, G. V.), Галина Витальевна; Кафедра «Машины и аппараты химических и атомных производств» (МАХАП)© 2019 Author(s).The deformation relief of the indentation zone of ZrO2-5.5 wt %Y2O3 ceramics with 0.5, 0.9 and 1.55 μm grain size was investigated by atomic force microscope. It was shown that the average height of the deformation relief slightly changed with increases of the ceramics grain size. The width of the zone with altered phase contrast measured near the corner of indent in the crack propagation region increases from 0.6 to 1.7 μm. At the same time, quantitative analysis has shown that proportion of relief with altered phase contrast increased from 11% in ceramics with 0.5 μm grain size to 27% in ceramics with 1.55 μm grain size.
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